Brazilian Jongo Dance, Origin Of The Samba, Part II

Edited by Azizi Powell

This is Part II of a two part series on Brazilian Jongo music and dance. "Jongo, also known as caxambu or tambu, is a dance and musical genre of black communities from southeast Brazil".http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jongo.

Click http://zumalala.blogspot.com/2013/03/brazilian-jongo-dance-origin-of-samba.html for Part I of this series.

Part I provides information on Jongo and features four videos of Jongo.

Part II features five additional videos of Jongo.

The content of this post is presented for historical, folkloric, entertainment, and aesthetic purposes.

The video publisher's text and the video titles are translated from Portuguese to English via Google Translate. For some summaries I've included in parenthesis my American English translation of "Google translate" results.

All copyrights remain with their owners.

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EDITOR'S NOTE ABOUT ADDING COMMENTS ON THIS BLOG
With considerable regret, I have disabled the comment feature on this blog (and on my other blogs except for https://pancocojams.blogspot.com, because of the large number of spam comments that I received on those blogs.

Comments for those blogs can be sent to my email address azizip17 dot com at yahoo dot com for possible inclusion in a specific post on those blogs.

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FEATURED VIDEOS
(These examples are posted in chronological order based on the date of their posting on YouTube with the oldest date presented first. The numbers assigned to these videos continue from Part I of this post.)

Example #5: Jongo de Piquete em Atibaia -2011.wmv



edgard santo, Uploaded on Jan 29, 2011

Apresentação do Jongo de Piquete no IV Revelando São Paulo - Entre Serras e Águas - dia 08/01/11
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Presentation Jongo of the IV Pole Unveiling São Paulo - Between Mountains and Waters - Day 08/01/11
(Jongo Presentation at the 3th annual pole unveiling in Sao Paulo, Brazil...)

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Example #6: Festa no Quilombo São José da Serra 14/05/2011 - v2



sljulia, Uploaded on May 16, 2011
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Wheel of Jongo [Jongo circle dance]

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Example #7: Jongo da Lapa - 26/05/2011



Flávio Santos, Uploaded on May 28, 2011

A já tradicional roda do Jongo da Lapa, realizada nos sob os arcos toda última quinta-feira do mês, religiosamente.
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The now traditional circle dance Jongo da Lapa, held under the arches on every last Thursday of the month, religiously.
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I wonder if “religiously” here means “faithfully ", as in the dance performance is always held every last Thursday of the month.

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Example #8: Roda de Jongo Quilombola - Guaratinguetá/SP



Sgbaracho, Uploaded on Nov 20, 2011

Apresentação na 1ª Feira do Artesanato, Comidas Típicas e Tradições do Vale do Paraíba, realizada em Guaratinguetá/SP, a roda de Jongo Quilombola, que é um dos últimos dois remanescentes dessa dança negra no Brasil (o outro e no morro da Serrinha/RJ). Essa roda existe há mais de 150 anos no bairro do Tamandaré, em Guaratinguetá/SP, e se apresenta atualmente em todo o Brasil. Observe os passos da dança que deu origem ao samba. Ao contrário de outras danças sagradas de raiz africana, essa é essencialmente profana e executada pelos escravos após as obrigações do dia, como diversão. Todo mês de junho o grupo faz apresentações públicas durante uma semana no bairro onde a dança foi preservada.
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Presentation at the 1st Craft Fair, Food Typical and Traditions of the Paraíba Valley, held in Guaratinguetá / SP, the wheel Jongo Quilombola, which is one of the last two remnants of that black dance in Brazil (the other and on the hill Serrinha / RJ ). This wheel has been around for over 150 years in the neighborhood of Tamandaré in Guaratinguetá / SP, and currently performs throughout Brazil. Observe the dance steps that led to the samba. Unlike other sacred dances of African origin, this is essentially secular and performed by slaves after the duties of the day as fun. Every June the group makes public presentations for a week in the neighborhood where the dance was preserved
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Here's information about from the word "quilombo" from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quilombo
"A quilombo (Portuguese pronunciation: [kiˈlõbu]; from the Kimbundu word kilombo) is a Brazilian hinterland settlement founded by people of African origin including the Quilombolas, or Maroons. Most of the inhabitants of quilombos (called quilombolas) were escaped slaves and, in some cases, later these escaped African slaves would help provide shelter and homes to other minorities of marginalised Portuguese, Brazilian aboriginals, Jews and Arabs, and/or other non-black, non-slave Brazilians who experienced oppression during colonization. However, the documentation on runaway slave communities typically uses the term mocambo to describe the settlements. "Mocambo" is an Ambundu word that means "hideout", and is typically much smaller than a quilombo. Quilombo was not used until the 1670s and then primarily in more southerly parts of Brazil.

A similar settlement exists in other Spanish-speaking countries of Latin America, and is called a palenque. Its inhabitants are palenqueros who speak various Spanish-African-based creole languages."

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Example #9: CULTNE - Jongo da Serrinha - Tia Maria do Jongo



Cultne Acervo, Published on Jul 27, 2012

Cultne registrou com imagens e edição de Alexandre Dias e Filó Filho a festa do Jongo realizado em 2011 no Cordão do Bola Preta. O Jongo da Serrinha sob o comando da jongueira Tia Maria do Jongo, acompanhada pelo grupo Razões Africanas encantou os presentes com as tradições africanas.

O jongo é baseado na tradição oral, se mantém vivo na memória dos mais velhos, que repassam os cânticos e ensinamentos aos mais novos.

O jongo, ou caxambu é um ritmo que teve suas origens na região africana do Congo-Angola. Chegou ao Brasil-Colônia com os negros de origem bantu trazidos como escravos para o trabalho forçado nas fazendas de café do Vale do Rio Paraíba, no interior dos estados do Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais e São Paulo.

A demanda por mão-de-obra para o trabalho na mineração e nas fazendas de café intensificou o tráfico negreiro. Com a decadência econômica de outras regiões do país, uma massa imensa de escravos imigrou para o Sudeste onde, em alguns momentos, mais da metade da população era formada por africanos, a maioria de ascendência bantu.
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Cultne recorded with images and editing Alexandre Dias Filho and Filo's party Jongo held in 2011 at the Black Ball Cord. The Jongo Serrinha under the command of the Jongo jongueira Tia Maria, accompanied by the African group Reasons delighted those present with African traditions.

The jongo is based on oral tradition remains alive in the memory of older, who pass on the songs and teachings to younger ones.

The jongo or caxambu is a rhythm that had its origins in the African Congo-Angola. [It] Arrived in colonial Brazil with blacks of Bantu origin brought as slaves to forced labor in the coffee farms of Paraíba River Valley, within the states of Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais and São Paulo.

The demand for hand labor to work in the mining and coffee farms intensified the slave trade. With the economic decline in other regions of the country, a huge mass of slaves immigrated to the Southeast where, at times, more than half of the population was made up of Africans, most Bantu ancestry.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND THANKS
Thanks to the vocalists, musicians, and dancers who are featured in these videos. My thanks also to the authors of the Wikipedia articles and the publishers of these videos.

Thank you for visiting zumalayah [zoom-mah-LAH-yah].

Zumalayah showcases videos of dances & singing games done in circles or in lines, and other movement performance arts from African American culture, from African cultures, and from other cultures of the African Diaspora.

Viewer comments are welcome.